S.O.U.S (SOUND OF ULTRA-SOUND)
超音波建構建築 (建築概念設計)
Motivation
In many studies and in the experiment, using the ripple of sound, you can move tiny sand particles, and arrange the special shape of the ripple. If we amplify the energy of the sound and the energy of the precise intersection of the peak and low sound waves, we can push larger objects; from the sand on the mobile desktop to the construction of skyscrapers.
In physics field, sound is a vibration that propagates as an acoustic wave, through a transmission medium such as air, liquid or solid. The curtains, slabs, and floor plans in this skyscraper all use dynamic sound energy to generate ripples, and transmit by “ultrasonic media” to precise locations. this will be a future skyscraper constructed and integrated by physics, architecture, and artificial intelligence.
Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 2 How the AI Curtain work by AIUSD and USM.
Introduce to Device and System
Through multiple “AI ultrasonic devices”, aka (AIUSD), to control and shape the “ultrasonic medium” between them(AIUSD), aka (USM). An AIUSD is like a dumbbell shape, and can emit ultrasound at its endpoints and centers. For each one to shape the USM by AI information system technology, send out accurate frequency and target position to achieve the function of shaping. So S.O.U.S. Buildings can use the AI system to transmit sound waves, to change the layout plan, and shape the slabs to make flexible use of space; the density and shape of the outer wall (curtain and skin) to manage daylight and energy; and use AI to obtain information that is beneficial to nature.
“Ultrasonic Medium” (USM) would be translucent, semi-solid, and semi-fluid like a slime material without sound energy conduction; once the sound energy is injected, it can be changed shape with the ripple of sound, and it will also take on a solid appearance. It more like a wet concrete status, combined with sands and liquid.
The skyscraper curtain is shaped and managed by sound waves to implant energy management of natural sunlight and interior light source, indoor temperature and air-conditioning management, intelligent floor layout, and intelligent management of floor plates(slabs). Using the conductivity of sound waves, the shape of the sound texture, in cooperation with its multiple points, achieves a changeable floor layout configuration, slabs shape, curtain shading device, etc.
Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 3 AI Ultra-Sound Device (AIUSD).
AIUSD is installed on tempered glass, and USM exists in the tempered glass of the skyscraper curtain. The shaped USM can be operated as a smart curtain. The thickness and extension of the USM in the curtain can be adjusted according to the trajectory and intensity of the sunlight by AI information systems to make appropriate indoor temperature and lighting control, which can automatically save air conditioning and lighting energy.
Exterior Skin
The skin outside the curtain of the building controls the blocking of sound waves from propagating to exterior, and protects the sound generator, because the electronic equipment needs to isolate water and dust. On the one hand, the skin can present the vibration of sound waves, and the performance is a kind of art with AI diagram control. The sound art works are on the exterior skin. This is the artistic wall surface that can be displayed on the exterior wall of the building. The art performance of this skin can also be rented to specific commercial units to increase the skyscrapers' commercial revenue.
Under the action of many AIUSD, the appropriate and accurate sound energy is emitted to the floor slab, which can control the
Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 4 Exterior Skin change color by USM changed density and thickness.
undulating shape of the floor, and then have different layout plan configurations at different frequencies; if to implant to the external wall curtain, exterior curtain can show performance shapes and artistic expression; USM can also have different beautiful colors through the refraction of sunlight.
Layout Plan
Different floor configurations can be made on different floors demands. In different sound wave patterns, we can find suitable sound patterns for flat configuration. For example, in the 5201hz sound pattern, it is very suitable for office space. The space ratio between the high and low peaks of the sound ripple pattern is very suitable for office use. Among the 1033hz sound voiceprints and ripple, there are fewer compartments generated by ripples. We can use its flat space to make large banquets, performances, etc. In the 1820hz, the space created is conducive to the dynamic planning of the exhibition, so the floor plan created by such a voiceprint and ripple can be used as a gallery or exhibition hall.
Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 5 The layout plan by different frequency.
MEP and AI Integration
The overall MEP (mechanical, electrical, plumbing) environment driven by sound energy can be integrated. This includes AI energy management. First of all, the lighting control of the space can be confirmed by the sensor of the curtain wall. If the illumination is too high, the AI curtain can be used; The USM is transformed into an appropriate thickness and length (reference to page 2 on upper right space) to control the amount of light that enters the interior space, so that the power consumption of the light can be balanced; on the other hand, controlling appropriate sunlight to enter interior space, which affects the internal temperature and the energy used by the air conditioner may reduce, to achieve the overall energy consumption can reach the specifications of green buildings. To reduce energy consumption, also means that the cost of building operations will also be reduced.
Recycle System and Benefit to Environment
The use of sound energy to change the shape of buildings is future technology, but such energy will not produce wastes that are harmful to nature, such as thermal power generation, coal-based power generation will generate carbon dioxide and produce a greenhouse effect. The energy of sound can be converted through clean energy sources, such as nuclear power, solar power, and hydrogen fuel power. S.O.U.S. Buildings only need to be completed after the structure is built up, then slobs and exterior wall and curtain are shaped by USM. Therefore, during the construction process, no more resources are wasted and no more natural resources are over consumed. When the life of the building expires, all AISUD can be recycled and USM can recycle to build the next building. Such a high-tech AI building requires a very low carbon footprint for construction. In the process of reuse, it can also completely control energy consumption through AI control; this not only saves operating costs, it is also very helpful for the maintenance of whole world nature.
Data streaming and intelligent learning can be carried out between each AIUSD. In every different region of the world, the SOUS buildings in every city with different climate, latitude, longitude, and height can record the local climate change and daily sunlight plan; In order to compete with the natural environment and protect the building body, the exterior curtains (skin) need to calculate the ultrasonic energy, and the calculated process will record the changes in natural data and become big data that can be used by environmentalists around the world.
The AIUSD Device and Skyscraper
Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 6 the whole system seen from exterior.
AI Ultrasonic Device (AIUSD) is the core and key technology of the entire S.O.U.S. system. It operates on the target plane and facade under the action of multiple devices and emits accurate sound waves and frequencies to deform and move the target object. As can be seen from the cross-sectional view, center of the device is an AI processor, and there is a horizontally amplified sound generating device beside it. The hollow body of the device is installed with circuit boards and electric coils to expand and accurately emit sound energy. The two ends of the device are the largest emitters, which can shape the inner floor, and the external curtains and skin in a undulated shape.
The entire AIUSD is made of titanium alloy and has a dark gray color. It can stably emit powerful sound energy without being broken by itself. AIUSD is installed between two pieces of reinforced Low-E glass, to shape USM. The outer skin is made of bio-membrane; this substance is white and translucent, breathing like skin, bringing in natural sunlight, water, air, and isolating dust, heavy metals and toxic substances. The outer skin is supported by a carbon fiber net-frame, which does not disintegrate after the transmission of sound waves. The structure of the S.O.U.S. building is made of SR steel, so the outer layer is enclosed by a carbon fiber enclosure, so the appearance of the entire building full of tenacity, and it is resistant to earthquakes or strong winds.
The USM can refract sunlight to produce various colors because of its different densities and thicknesses. Therefore, AI calculations can be used to generate incredible wonderful color changes on the building appearance.
The use of floor slabs on high floors can create hollow floor slabs, so that lower floors can have more sunlight.
Users on the same floor can have different floor plans through different settings. For example, a position will not be left without sunlight for a long time due to corners, and the floor can be slowly turned by time. The user will not be aware of the adjustment to the best position (shower by sunlight). The floor can also have different plan layouts due to the increase in users. For example, the office configuration is set of 50 people. When the number of people increases to 70 people; The frequency configuration tune higher to generate more ripples and plan more partition of work space.
由聲音能源來驅動的整體MEP(mechanical, electrical, plumbing)環境是可以整合的. 其中包括AI能源管理. 首先空間的燈光控制可以介由感應器來確認空間的照度, 照度太高可以使用AI curtain 使得USM變型成適當的厚度與長度來控制光源進入室內空間的量, 這樣一來可以平衡燈光所需要的電力消耗; 另一方面, 控制適當的陽光進入室內, 這影響是內溫度與空調使用能源可以降低, 達到整體能源消耗可以達到綠建築的規範. 降低了能源消耗, 也表示著大樓營運的費用也會真著降低.
使用聲音的能量來改變建築物的型態是未來的科技, 但是這樣的能量不會產生對大自然有害的廢物, 比如火力發電, 煤碳發電都會產生二氧化碳而產生溫室效應. 聲音的能源可以介由乾淨的電力能源轉化而來, 比如核能, 太陽能, 氫燃料動力. 由聲音的能量組合的建築物, 只需要結構體完成後, 樓板與外牆都可以介由USM塑形而成; 所以在建造的過成當中, 減少更多的資源浪費, 也省去更多的自然資源消耗; 當大樓的使用年限到期, 所有的AISUD都可以回收使用, USM可以回收利用建造下一個大樓. 這樣的高科技AI建築, 建造所需要的碳足蹟非常低, 再使用的過程當中, 也可以經由AI控制完整的管理能源消耗; 這不僅僅是節省營運成本, 對於大自然的維護也是非常有幫助.
在每一個AIUSD之間都可以進行資料的串流與智能學習, 在世界上每一個不同地區, 氣候, 經緯度, 高度的城市裡的S.O.U.S.建築, 都可以針對當地的氣候變遷, 日光計劃進行紀錄; exterior curtain為了與自然環境抗衡與保護建築物本體, 所需要發出的超聲波能量都是經過計算, 而計算後的過程會紀錄大自然數據變遷而成為世界環境學家可以使用的big data, 進而有助於生態環境的研究與發展.
因此, S.O.U.S. 建築可以使用AI系統傳遞聲波, 改變平面計劃, 樓板形狀來靈活運用空間; 外牆圍幕的密度與形狀來管理日光與能源; 使用AI獲取對自然有利的資料.
So S.O.U.S. Buildings can use the AI system to transmit sound waves, to change the layout plan, and shape the slabs to make flexible use of space; the density and shape of the outer wall (curtain and skin) to manage daylight and energy; and use AI to obtain information that is beneficial to nature.
在眾多的AIUSD的作用下, 對個一層樓的地板發射出適當與準確的聲音能量, 可以控制地板的起伏形狀, 進而在不同的頻率下有不同的平面配置; 如果對外牆圍幕進行作用, 可以展演出功能型狀, 藝術表現; USM透過陽光的折射還可以有不同的美麗顏色.
AI Ultra-sound device (AIUSD)是整個S.O.U.S. system的核心關鍵技術, 在多個device一起作用下針對目標平面與立面進行運算, 發射出準確的聲波與頻率來變型與移動目標物體. 由剖面圖可以看到, device中心是AI處理器, 在旁邊有水平向的amplified發聲裝置. Device中空的體內, 佈滿著電路板與電圈, 以擴大與準確的發射出聲音能量. Device的兩端是最大的發射器, 可以對內的樓板進行塑形, 對外的curtain與skin進行波紋形狀表現.
整台AIUSD是由鈦合金打造, 深灰色, 能穩定的發出強大的聲音能量也不會被自己震碎. AIUSD安裝在兩片的強化Low-E玻璃之間, 以便控制USM curtain變型. Exterior skin is made by bio-membrane; 這材質是白色半透光, 如皮膚一樣的呼吸, 帶進自然的陽光, 水, 空氣, 隔離灰塵, 重金屬與有毒物質. Exterior skin 被碳纖維支架所支撐著, 在聲波傳遞後可以不會解體. S.O.U.S. 大樓的結構是採用SR鋼骨, 外層包附著碳纖圍外殼, 因此整棟摩天大樓的外型是有韌性, 對於地震或是強風都有抗性.
USM因為在不同的密度下與厚度, 可以折射陽光產生各種不同的顏色, 因此在建築物外觀上可以使用AI計算產生不可思議的顏色變化.
在高樓層的樓板運用, 可以創造中空的樓板, 讓低樓層可以擁有更多的陽光.
波紋可以經過設定改變, 所以在同一樓層的使用者, 可以經過不同的設定而有不一樣的平面配置方案, 比如一個位置不會因為長期的靠角落而沒有陽光, 樓板可以緩慢的轉向, 讓使用者不會察覺的調整到最好的位置. 樓層也可以因為使用者變多而有不同的平面配置方案, 比如office的配置是設定50人公司, 當人數變多到70人時, 可以調高平面配置的頻道, 產生更多波紋隔間, 規劃出更多辦公空間.
SEMI-ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS SYSTEM (S.A.P.S.)
仿生光合作用建築 (Semi-Artificial Photosynthesis System (S.A.P.S.))
2019 BIOMIMICRY GLOBAL DESIGN CHALLENGE
2019 仿生建築大賽 / Merit 優選
2019 AMP 建築大師大獎賽 / Winner
Winner in Architectural Design / Mixed Use Architecture(混合建築) / Green architecture(綠建築) / Urban Planning(都市計劃)
2019 IDA 國際設計大獎賽 / 銀獎
Silver in Other Architectural Designs(其他建築類), Silver in Architecture Categories / Conceptual (概念建築), Silver in Architecture Categories / Sustainable Living/Green(永續綠建築)
2019 金點概念獎 / 入圍
概念建築
經過了工業化社會之後, 我們製作很多物品與生產能源的方式, 都會產生二氧化碳. 這幾年的天氣異像, 比如全求平均溫度上升, 北極冰山瓦解, 都是因為過多的二氧化碳於大氣層中所造成的問題, 這就是溫室效應.
如果於地球表面有更多的樹木行光合作用, 那麼二氧化碳的濃度將會下降. 在人為的活動當中, 最接近樹木的造型是人類所建築的大樓, 也是我們居住的住宅, 辦公大樓, 或是醫院等等的建築物.
如果我們將植物的特性融入建材當中, 仿照根, 莖, 葉的作用, 給與水份, 運輸到葉端, 進行光合作用, 那麼建築物就會如一顆樹木的葉子一樣, 日夜不停的行光合作用, 持續的降低大氣層中的二氧化碳濃度.
After the industrialized society, the products be created and energy production methods, which will produce carbon dioxide. The climate changed in the past few years, such as the increase in average temperature and the collapse of the Arctic iceberg, are caused by excessive carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This is the greenhouse effect we called.
If there are more trees on the surface of the earth for keeping operating photosynthesis, then the concentration of carbon dioxide will drop. In the artificial activities, the closest shape of tree is the building built by humans, the house we live in, the office building, or Buildings such as hospitals.
If we integrate the characteristics of plants into the building construction materials, we will imitate the roots, stems, and leaves; giving water, transporting to the leaves, and operating photosynthesis. Then the buildings will be like the leaves of a tree, day and night to operating photosynthesis, continuously reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
In the past 100 years, the temperature of the earth has increased by 0.72 °C, causing the atmospheric circulation to begin to change. The increased temperature does not seem to be high, but it has already brought about the impact of hydrometeorology. global
Warming caused the temperature to rise continuously, polar ice melting caused the iceberg and glaciers to shrink, sea level rise, rainfall distribution and rainfall time change, extreme weather events such as heavy rain, drought and water shortages, heat waves, and hurricanes have caused great threats to life and property.
Under atmosphere contains too much carbon dioxide leads to climate change that we call greenhouse effect. This is one of the reason cause of global warming. To reduce greenhouse effect, we design a system to reduce the carbon dioxide artificially and leads solar heat may reflect back to universe, the global temperature back to normal.
Plants are different from animals. For green plants, the sun's energy will be used for photosynthesis to obtain the nutrients necessary for growth and development.
The key player in this process is the internal chloroplast. Under the action of sunlight, the chloroplast transforms the carbon dioxide that enters the interior of the leaf through the stomata and the water absorbed by the root into glucose, and releases oxygen:
12H2O + 6CO2 -hv→ (Chemical interaction with chlorophyll) C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2 + 6H2O
In the evening and at night we installed LED light tubes to supply specific wavelengths for photosynthesis with the SAPS system. On the one hand, to maintain the efficiency of its operation, it can also give the building a better lighting design.
The SAPS mimics the root and stem and leaves of plants for semi-artificial photosynthesis. At the roots, we will give the water supply system within the building. The water content will be filtered and ensured to flow and function within the system. The bionic system of its veins and stems will flow in the water pipes inside the building. When it reaches the frame of the curtain, it will spread into the unit cell for photosynthesis. The organization of bionic leaves will be around. In the curtain, we use tempered glass as the cell wall, bio dialysis membrane as the cell model, and the chloroplast extracted by natural plants into the unit cells.
When the sun shines reaches SAPS curtain, photosynthesis will start.
In SAPS, we bionic the roots, stems, veins, and leaf tissue of plants. Light-dependent reactions, the bionic root system provides the high dissolved oxygen molecular water source needed. At night, we use LED tube to send specific spectrum, like white or green light to continually operating SAPS. In the bionics of the stems and leaves, we use the function of 3D printing. We print the veins of the water in the frame of the curtain wall, which includes the water needed before photosynthesis, and post-photosynthesis liquid sending away. The liquid waste (we call it energy liquid containing glucose, which can be supplied with other biological nutrients or as a fuel). There are three layers of tissue in the frame, the upper cover (tempered glass), the cell frame(middle frame), the lower plate, and the artificial cells in the middle. The cell contains package with the bio-membranes to contain chloroplasts and all tissues that need to run photosynthesis, also it trans solar light and CO2 in and let the O2 release to the nature.
在光合作用的各種元素當中, 比如光, 水, 與葉綠體. 我們在實驗中可以知道如何選取最好的元素來進行SAPS. 在光合作用的效率比較中, 小葉桑的葉綠體是最有效率的, 二氧化碳消耗量單位公撮/平方公分, 數值單位是7.21 (七里香是6.55, 玫瑰花是3.72, 芒果樹葉是1.65, 黃金榕是0.19). 在使用水的光合作用效率, 高溶氧分子水效率是最好的(假設效率為100%, 其次是山泉水92%, 雨水84%, 自來水只有68%的效率, 家用廢水的效率只有12%). 在夜間光譜的選用上, 白色光譜的效率是最高的 (如果白光為100%效率, 綠光為92%, 紅色光為82%, 黃色光為56%, 紫色光為28%).
Among the various elements of photosynthesis, such as light, water, and chloroplasts. We can know how to select the best elements for SAPS in experiments. In the comparison of photosynthesis efficiency, the chloroplast of Cassia is the most efficient. The carbon dioxide consumption unit is metrics per square centimeter, and the numerical unit is 7.21 (the thyme is 6.55, the rose is 3.72, the mango leaf is 1.65, and the golden enamel is 0.19). The photosynthesis efficiency of using water, the high dissolved oxygen molecular water efficiency is The best (assuming an efficiency of 100%, followed by 92% of spring water, 84% of rainwater, 68% efficiency of tap water, and 12% efficiency of domestic wastewater). The efficiency of white spectrum is highest in nighttime spectrum selection. (If white light is 100% efficient, green light is 92%, red light is 82%, yellow light is 56%, purple light is 28%).
In this 24-hour photosynthesis process, like the conversion rate of carbon dioxide in the forest, a one-square-meter artificial photosynthetic curtain wall can absorb 200g of carbon dioxide a day. If it is a 40-meter-high normal building, it completely covers the curtain wall. It can absorb nearly a half metric ton of carbon dioxide a day, which is the amount absorbed by one half-hectare broad-leaved forest for one-day photosynthesis. This curtain wall can reduce the carbon footprint of the building. If it is sustainable, they will restore the earth's atmospheric system like a forest.
SAPS除了利益生態環境, 也可以產生能源與利益企業. 光合作用所產生的廢水是有能量的,其中含有葡萄糖. 所以在每一個SAPS所產生的能量水, 可以集中起來提煉出新的能源來做運輸與移動, 比如仿生電動腳踏車. 這樣一來也可以減少公共交通工具所產生的二氧化碳排放量, 所得的營收也可以重新投入SAPS的研發, 或是擴展規模更能有效的利益社會.
在不同的SAPS會分享資料, 比如在城市中不同的地區所吸收的二氧化碳的效率, 去比對當地的氣溫變化, 更能有效率的去調整不同地區所需要的運作參數, 也可以將其數據整理後上傳大數據系統, 給全世界的環保專家觀查與做紀錄, 將可進行更有效率的環保改善活動.
In addition to benefit the natural environment, SAPS can also generate energy and make commercial benefit. The wastewater generated by photosynthesis is a new kind of energy and contains glucose. So the energy water produced in each SAPS can be concentrated to extract new energy. In the Transportation and mobility field, the energy water can be the power of bionic electric bicycles. This can also reduce the amount of carbon dioxide emissions generated by public transport, and the revenue can be reinvested in SAPS to do research and development, or expand the scale of SAPS to benefit environment.
Sharing information in different SAPS is also a big function in information system in SAPS, such as the efficiency of carbon dioxide absorbed in different areas of the city, to compare the local temperature changes, more efficient adjustment of the operational parameters required by different regions, or data After finishing the uploading of the big data system, the environmental experts around the world will be observed and recorded, and more efficient environmental improvement activities will be carried out.